PREA5300
I. (Foundation) Preparation of the Preacher
A. The Call
1. 2 Tim 2:15
15Do your best to present yourself to God as one approved, a workman who does not need to be ashamed and who correctly handles the word of truth.
2. 2 Tim 3:14-17
14But as for you, continue in what you have learned and have become convinced of, because you know those from whom you learned it, 15and how from infancy you have known the holy Scriptures, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus. 16All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness, 17so that the man of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good work.
3. Prep through Prayer
Preacher
Proclamation
Public
4. Laying the Foundation
Understanding concepts that inform biblical exposition do not insure that the preacher will preach with integrity and power. [Power from the Pulpit -45]
If we have experienced, we will have passion
Subtopic
5. The Call of Pastor
The call to salvation (1 Cor 3:11)
A call to service/ministry
2 Tim 4:1-2,5_Peter5:1-3_1 Tim 3:1-7
Acts 26:19-20
Calling to obedience
Romans 1:1,2
Subtopic
Pastor (Acts 20:17,28) Believe all three apply to the office of pastor
Elder (Presbuteros) = Spiritual Maturity
Overseer(Episcipos) = Bishop = Guardianship = Leader
Pastor = Shepherd = Lead and Feed
Dr. Nix believes that their is no separate office of elders. Believes that their are two offices (Pastor and Deacon)
Qualifications
God has high standards
1 Tim 3:1-7
1Here is a trustworthy saying: If anyone sets his heart on being an overseer,[a] he desires a noble task. 2Now the overseer must be above reproach, the husband of but one wife, temperate, self-controlled, respectable, hospitable, able to teach, 3not given to drunkenness, not violent but gentle, not quarrelsome, not a lover of money. 4He must manage his own family well and see that his children obey him with proper respect. 5(If anyone does not know how to manage his own family, how can he take care of God's church?) 6He must not be a recent convert, or he may become conceited and fall under the same judgment as the devil. 7He must also have a good reputation with outsiders, so that he will not fall into disgrace and into the devil's trap.
Some take setting his hear and desire meaning a choice, not a calling. We must look at in the totality of scripture and most see this as God placed desire, calling.
Key may be "above reproach"
Jesus Came to Preach (Mark 1:38)
38Jesus replied, "Let us go somewhere else—to the nearby villages—so I can preach there also. That is why I have come."
B. The Word of God
1. SBC History
The Battle for the Bible = SBC was getting away from the inherency and infalibility of the word of God.
Lindzele wrote two books, one was the Battle for the Bible
Page Patterson and Judge Presler learned that the way to affect the schools was through the trustees and the trustees by the president of the convention. Helped to push to make that happen. Adrian Rogers was the first
2. Have a high view of scripture
Inspiration
2 Timothy 3:16 = 16All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness,
2 Peter 1:21 = 21For prophecy never had its origin in the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit.
= God Breathed
Dr Nix believes verbal plennary inspiration, all of the word was God Breathed
Authority
Joshua 1:8 8 Do not let this Book of the Law depart from your mouth; meditate on it day and night, so that you may be careful to do everything written in it. Then you will be prosperous and successful.
1 Thess 1:5 because our gospel came to you not simply with words, but also with power, with the Holy Spirit and with deep conviction. You know how we lived among you for your sake.
Jesus View
Mtt 7:24-25 24"Therefore everyone who hears these words of mine and puts them into practice is like a wise man who built his house on the rock. 25The rain came down, the streams rose, and the winds blew and beat against that house; yet it did not fall, because it had its foundation on the rock.
Mtt 24:35 Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will never pass away.
Benefit
2 Tim 3:14-17 14But as for you, continue in what you have learned and have become convinced of, because you know those from whom you learned it, 15and how from infancy you have known the holy Scriptures, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus. 16All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness, 17so that the man of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good work.
Hebrews 4:12
1 Peter 2:2
Purpose
2 Peter 1:2-4
Romans 8:29
2 Corr 3:18 18And we, who with unveiled faces all reflect[a] the Lord's glory, are being transformed into his likeness with ever-increasing glory, which comes from the Lord, who is the Spirit.
Redemption and Revelation are the
C. The worship of God
1. We need a personal relationship time with God, if not the preaching will be empty
2. Oswald Chambers - The measure of the worth of my public activity for God is only as good as my private profuound communion with him.
3. "The greatest need a person has is God's holiness."
D. The Welsch Revival
1. Global Revival
2. Started in wales
3. Broke out when Evan Roberts asked his preacher to preach
Evangelist team member story about the secret to his success being a "Very Very Godly Man"
II. Assignment
A. Read power in the pulpit 17-90
B. Complete 9-9 and 9-16 responses
C. Read Times article
III. Glossary
A. Brooks Definition of Preaching = The communication of truth by man to men (Yale Lectures)
B. Rhetoric - Original The ability write or speak well. (Aristotle) Ability to see and utilize all available means of persuasion
C. Agrerian culture - ?those who live from the land?
D. Homily = Running Commentary
E. Apostle = One sent
IV. Key Thoughts
A. Preaching has a higher purpose to get someone to respond to the father, not just us.
B. It is important that our people understand what "belief" means in the original. It was more of investment, faith, commitment in faith. It was an active word in the Greek culture. This is more than head knowledge.
C. Be careful if you are developing a sermon outline be careful not to impose a structure that is not in the passage AND ALWAYS remember that the Spirit is doing the work independent of your preparation.
D. The thesis proposition brings unity to a sermon. The points of the outline give movement to the sermon.
E. Where do we pull from that there is no new revelation?
F. Either I believe the Bible or I don't.
G. Must be careful not to become a Pharisee in the midst of teaching.
H. Preaching vs Teaching Adrian Rogers from Preaching with power. We are to be helping people to action. Mathew 7:24 "hears the words" that we preach and "does"
I. Infiltrate, impact, live in, but never accomodate your culture in preaching. never sacrifice purpose and substance for acceptance
J. Do I need to know where people are as a starting point of what I preach or do I need to start with what the scripture says? Nix warns of starting with the needs and being drawn away from the word.
K. What is more important, the people or the study? How will I balance. God, show me the way.
L. There are three things eternal (God, The Word Mtt 24:35) and mans Soul. We need to bring the Word to Man so he can be eternally with God
M. Oswald Chambers - The measure of the worth of my public activity for God is only as good as my private profound communion with him. ----I could function for a while without, but without I will crater.
N. I realize I will fail if I don't get at your feet daily father. I beg that you not let me fail. Call me to yourself.
V. Perspectives on Preaching
A. Why Preach
1. Need for God's revelation(to know him)
2. The word brings transformation (can change your life Rom 12;2)
B. Biblical Perspective
1. Keryssein - to proclaim or to herald, literally to publish.
2. Evangelizethai - Preach the good news, glad tidings, or God's message
3. Didaskein - to teach. Depart divine truth (this is the meat)
4. Dialegesthai - Dialogue. To discourse or reason with others with a view to pursuasion
5. Lalein
C. Rhetorical Perspective
1. Five Canons of rhetoric (or standards of rehetoric)
Invention -invent the topic and put together what you say
Arrangement - Developing the outline, put it together
Memory - commit things to memory
Delivery - verbal, non verbal, presentation of communication
2. In Communication(modern theory)
Sender Must encode information
Channel is the way of communication (speech or words)
Receiver decodes the lanquage and sends feedback
Noise - Is going on constantly, sound, activity
Your field of experience that dictates how you relate to your surroundings
Context - the setting in which the communication happens
3. Rhetoric - Original The ability write or speak well. Ability to see and utilize all available means of persuasion
4. Styles
D. Theological Perspective
1. Why would you need one - What we do, how we do preaching will be determined by what we believe about preaching.
2. My theology
The Call
Should someone be specifically called to preach
The Nature of Biblical Calling
What do I believe the communication aspect should be.
The Source
The Bible
The Holy Spirit
God
Qualifications
Prophets, Pastoral Epistles
Role of Holy Spirit
Illumens
Convicts
Subtopic
3. John Piper's Approach (Trinitarian)
Goal = The Glory of God
Ground =The Cross
Gift = Holy Spirit
4. Peter Adams Speaking Gods words
God Has Spoken
It is Written
Preach the Word
E. Historical
1. 3 Streams of Origins of Christian Preaching
Hebrew Prophecy
Priest represent people to God
Prophets represented God to the people
Prophets were fore and forthtellers - Spoke the truth of God's word
Ancient Oratory
Korax 466bc Proem(into), then presentation of facts(points), the argument(explanation), secondary remarks, and peroration(conclusion) Helped, with Aristotle, organoze ancient oratory
Christian Gospel
Beginning with John the Baptist transition from old testimate prophet to the new testament proclaimer
Jesus Came. Without this we would have nothing to preach
2. History of Christian Preaching
Apostolic Period(AD30-70)
Spirit led and Christ focused
Preaching like the prophets with power and authority.
Paul used more ancient rhetoric in his ministry
Ancient Period or Patristic Period (70-430AD) 70 were the destruction of the Temple and the falll of Jerusalem. Also the expansion of the Roman Empire and persecution of Christians. Also Peter and Palu died
From 70-170 traces of Christian preaching are rare
By the end of the second century, the power of preaching is seen. Very informal
Persecution and many preached orally from the TO
Three Classes of Preachers
Apostolic Fathers - Polycarp, Clement of Rome
Apologist - Defenders of the faith
Ante Nicen Theologians - In the East was Origen, Clement of Alexandria, Gregory
300-430
Rise in the power of preaching
Edict of Milan that made Christianity "legal"
There was a love of rhetoric
There was a closed cannon
More Orderly worship
Biblical preaching
Basil the Great, Gregory of Nyssa, Chrysoston(Golden Mouth), Augustine
Dangers of conforming to society
Infatuation with oratory (performance)
Entanglement with politics
People become dogmatic, narrow, and cruel in regards to theological discussions.
Medieval Preaching(430-1360)
The Dark Ages(430-1095)
Preaching suffered because people were not progressing
Liturgy(prescribed method) was developed and stopped power of preaching
Latin became language of pulpit
The preacher became the priest
Priest became morally corrup
Doctrinal controversies took place
Overall corruption in church
Influx of Barbarians into church
Superstition, fanaticism, worship of angel worship of saints, relics, Mariolity(bringing Mary to the level diety) Accommodating Culture
Preaching was allegory overwhelming
"The lowest, darkest and most corrupt time in the history of preaching"
Leo the Great, Gregory the Great(bishop of Rome), St. Patrick (planted churches in Ireland) were great preachers
4 Ms of the Dark Ages (downfalls of the church)
Mass becomes central to worship (not the word or God)
Mariolatry
Monasticisms - people pulled out of society
Muslim faith begins to rise
Scholastic Age (1095-1361)
4 forces awaken the Europe, the church and stimulation of preaching
Scholasticism - A Thirst for learning
Crusades - wanted to take back the Holy Land. Started for a good reason, but ended wrong
Bernard of Clairvaux was a great preacher during crusades worked to rally the troops for a cause
Mysticism - return back to a personal walk with God. Sought God
Missionary Preaching
Dominicans f
Thomas Aquanis and John Toller
Franciscans - St. Francis of Assisi, wealthy and went off with the crusades and came back very ill and had a time with God. Motivated him to have a vow of poverty and was a great preacher
Reformatory Age(1361-1572)
Pre-reformers(1361-1500)
John Wycliffe to British Isles; translated Bible into the language of the people
John Huss was the Bohemian Reformer (Czech Republic), but was killed and there is a national holiday on the day he was martyred
Savanarolo, Erasmus
Reformers (1500-1572)
Revival of preaching and breaking the shackels that have held back the
A return to the word of God as central, Justification through faith by Grace
Luther, Zwingli, Calvin, Latamer, John Nox were biblical preachers
1572-1700(17th Century)
Key was the translation and printing of the King James version. Printed in England in 1611
Preaching declined following reformation, except for in France and England (Known as classic age of preaching)
God used puritan preachers
Richard Baxter, John Bunyan(Pilgrims Progress), Jeremy Taylor, John Donne, John Owen, Mathew Henry, John Newton(amazing grace)
Preached believing in conversion and that preaching was a means to salvation; sermon was the climax of worship
Living the purity
18th Century (17 to 1800)
Great Awakening (England)
John and Charles Wesley, George Whitefield (he and Wesley were preaching outside b/c the churches would not allow George Whitefield in and started attracting large crowds)
Wesley was Armenian and George Whitefield was Calvanist
In America
Some low morals in the church, poor doctrie and bad preaching, but God begins to move
Jonathon Edwards (sinners in the hands of an Angry God)
Whitefield came to America (friend with Ben Franklin)
Theodore Frelinhousing, Gilbert Tennett
Pastor position became respected
Preaching became evangelistic
20th Century
Issues
Modernists vs Fundamentalism Controversy
Social Gospel Movement(Rasenbush) -Through ministry show Christ love by meeting the needs of people_People drifted from share the gospel while meeting the needs to share the gospel by meeting the needs
Scopes Monkey Trial Culture and Christianity at odds
Affected preaching through a shift from Christ Centered(Christocentric) to Man Centered(Anthroprocentric)
Also
Changing role of the pastor (becomes administrator, counselor)_struggle with time in study and prayer.
Rise of Pentecostal Movement
rise of revival preaching (particularly in 50s); more evangelistic, but less discipleship and shied a way from the holy spirit
New Homiletic - cause narrative inductive teaching - through German liberalism (begins with people and is a more of inductive approach)
Media has affected our preaching (people have short attention span - can have a worldwide audience)
Seeker services ( Nix believes more in seeker sensitive instead of driven)
Urbanization - Lead the way to larger congregation and mega church
Worship became a huge issue
Communism, wars etc
Basic Principles Learned from history
Christianity flourishes when preaching flourishes
Preaching flourished when there was a strong authority based on the word of God
When morality is high, generally ritual is low. When ritual ish high, morality is low. (Roman Church)
Books
Haddon Robinson - Biblical Preaching
Blackwood - The preparation of sermons
Sangster - the Craft of sermon construction
Eugene Lowery - the homiletic plots
By the middle of the century 50s, preaching took a dive
Affected preaching through a shift from Christ Centered(Christocentric) to Man Centered(Anthroprocentric)
VI. Rhetorical Sermon Brief Outline
A. Examples
1. John 3:16
Example Nicks Introduction (Talk about the bad news and lead people to the point of wanting some good news and then giving the idea of best news) / Text = John 3:16 / Subject = The Gospel / ETS = Jesus shared with Nichodemus the good news of God and how to be right with him / ESS - God's gift of knowing Him and eternal life through trust in Christ / OSS Audience will accept and respond to the truth of Christ -what God want's done / Formal Elements - Intro (1 ) Body (I. The Love of God II. The Sacrifice of God III. The respons of Man/People / IV. The Promise of God / Title - The Best News
It is important that our people understand what "belief" means in the original. It was more of investment, faith, commitment in faith. It was an active word in the Greek culture. This is more than head knowledge.
Important for your outline to be tied to the text and communicate the truth.
Parrallelism of Structure
2. John 3:1-16
Foundational Elements
Title (Publicity) = Fresh Start Miracle
Subject = New Birth
ETS(Then) = Jesus told Nicodemus that he must experience new birth to enter the kingdom
ESS(Now) Third person = A Person must experience a new birth to become right with God
OSS =
Formal Elements
Introduction
Birth itself is a miracle
Body
The Mandate of the New Birth
The Means of the New Birth
Physical (Water) vs 6 interprets 5
Spirit = New Birth
Mystery of the NB (vs 12-16)
Forshadow of the cross in Moses lifting up the snake. Nicodemus would have understood that lifted up was a Roman crucifiction?
Spirit change by belief in JC
Heard Dr Nicks say that Nicodemus's problem was that he thought Jesus was a teacher sent from God when really he was God sent to teach.
Conclusion
3. Romans 12:1-2
Foundational Elements
Title (Think Publicity and Meaning) =Total Surrender_100% Jesus_Sold Out
Subject = Transformation_Living Sacrifice
ETS(Then) = Paul urged Roman believers to give their lives given to God.
ESS(Now) Third person = A person should be totally committed to God
OSS = Hearers will examine where they are and allow transformation through a total commitment to God. Decipleship with
Formal Elements
Introduction
Beseech is a very strong word in the Greek
I can tell you God's will for your life
Body
God Expects the sacrifice of the body to himself - the word body is interpreted literally as the physical
God rejects conformity to the world - Do not conform -Camelian Lizard is a good language -
God required the transformation of the mind
Conclusion
This is to know the Will (good, acceptable, perfect) of God for your life
Living this way proves his will
4. Passage
Foundational Elements
Title (Think Publicity and Meaning) =
Subject = Short as possible
ETS(Then) = Essence of the Text stated in the past tense
ESS(Now) Third person = Essence of the Sermon called the proposition, third person in the past tense
OSS = Objective of the Sermon What will hearers will do as a result of this sermon) Hearers will...
Formal Elements
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
Thursday, September 25, 2008
Thursday, September 18, 2008
PREA5300 9/18/08
I. Perspectives on Preaching
A. Why Preach
1. Need for God's revelation(to know him)
2. The word brings transformation (can change your life Rom 12;2)
B. Biblical Perspective
1. Keryssein - to proclaim or to herald, literally to publish.
2. Evangelizethai - Preach the good news, glad tidings, or God's message
3. Didaskein - to teach. Depart divine truth (this is the meat)
4. Dialegesthai - Dialogue. To discourse or reason with others with a view to pursuasion
5. Lalein
C. Rhetorical Perspective
1. Five Canons of rhetoric (or standards of rehetoric)
a) Invention -invent the topic and put together what you say
b) Arrangement - Developing the outline, put it together
c) Memory - commit things to memory
d) Delivery - verbal, non verbal, presentation of communication
2. In Communication(modern theory)
a) Sender Must encode information
b) Channel is the way of communication (speech or words)
c) Receiver decodes the lanquage and sends feedback
d) Noise - Is going on constantly, sound, activity
e) Your field of experience that dictates how you relate to your surroundings
f) Context - the setting in which the communication happens
3. Rhetoric - Original The ability write or speak well. Ability to see and utilize all available means of persuasion
4. Styles
D. Theological Perspective
1. Why would you need one - What we do, how we do preaching will be determined by what we believe about preaching.
2. My theology
a) The Call
(1) Should someone be specifically called to preach
b) The Nature of Biblical Calling
(1) What do I believe the communication aspect should be.
c) The Source
(1) The Bible
(2) The Holy Spirit
(3) God
d) Qualifications
(1) Prophets, Pastoral Epistles
e) Role of Holy Spirit
(1) Illumens
(2) Convicts
(3) Subtopic
3. John Piper's Approach (Trinitarian)
a) Goal = The Glory of God
b) Ground =The Cross
c) Gift = Holy Spirit
4. Peter Adams Speaking Gods words
a) God Has Spoken
b) It is Written
c) Preach the Word
E. Historical
1. 3 Streams of Origins of Christian Preaching
a) Hebrew Prophecy
(1) Priest represent people to God
(2) Prophets represented God to the people
(3) Prophets were fore and forthtellers - Spoke the truth of God's word
b) Ancient Oratory
(1) Korax 466bc Proem(into), then presentation of facts(points), the argument(explanation), secondary remarks, and peroration(conclusion) Helped, with Aristotle, organoze ancient oratory
c) Christian Gospel
(1) Beginning with John the Baptist transition from old testimate prophet to the new testament proclaimer
(2) Jesus Came. Without this we would have nothing to preach
2. History of Christian Preaching
a) Apostolic Period(AD30-70)
(1) Spirit led and Christ focused
(2) Preaching like the prophets with power and authority.
(3) Paul used more ancient rhetoric in his ministry
b) Ancient Period or Patristic Period (70-430AD) 70 were the destruction of the Temple and the falll of Jerusalem. Also the expansion of the Roman Empire and persecution of Christians. Also Peter and Palu died
(1) From 70-170 traces of Christian preaching are rare
(a) By the end of the second century, the power of preaching is seen. Very informal
(b) Persecution and many preached orally from the TO
(c) Three Classes of Preachers
(i) Apostolic Fathers - Polycarp, Clement of Rome
(ii) Apologist - Defenders of the faith
(iii) Ante Nicen Theologians - In the East was Origen, Clement of Alexandria, Gregory
(2) 300-430
(a) Rise in the power of preaching
(b) Edict of Milan that made Christianity "legal"
(c) There was a love of rhetoric
(d) There was a closed cannon
(e) More Orderly worship
(f) Biblical preaching
(g) Basil the Great, Gregory of Nyssa, Chrysoston(Golden Mouth), Augustine
(h) Dangers of conforming to society
(i) Infatuation with oratory (performance)
(ii) Entanglement with politics
(iii) People become dogmatic, narrow, and cruel in regards to theological discussions.
c) Medieval Preaching(430-1360)
(1) The Dark Ages(430-1095)
(a) Preaching suffered because people were not progressing
(b) Liturgy(prescribed method) was developed and stopped power of preaching
(c) Latin became language of pulpit
(d) The preacher became the priest
(e) Priest became morally corrup
(f) Doctrinal controversies took place
(g) Overall corruption in church
(h) Influx of Barbarians into church
(i) Superstition, fanaticism, worship of angel worship of saints, relics, Mariolity(bringing Mary to the level diety) Accommodating Culture
(j) Preaching was allegory overwhelming
(k) "The lowest, darkest and most corrupt time in the history of preaching"
(l) Leo the Great, Gregory the Great(bishop of Rome), St. Patrick (planted churches in Ireland) were great preachers
(m) 4 Ms of the Dark Ages (downfalls of the church)
(i) Mass becomes central to worship (not the word or God)
(ii) Mariolatry
(iii) Monasticisms - people pulled out of society
(iv) Muslim faith begins to rise
(2) Scholastic Age (1095-1361)
(a) 4 forces awaken the Europe, the church and stimulation of preaching
(i) Scholasticism - A Thirst for learning
(ii) Crusades - wanted to take back the Holy Land. Started for a good reason, but ended wrong
(a) Bernard of Clairvaux was a great preacher during crusades worked to rally the troops for a cause
(iii) Mysticism - return back to a personal walk with God. Sought God
(iv) Missionary Preaching
(a) Dominicans f
(b) Thomas Aquanis and John Toller
(c) Franciscans - St. Francis of Assisi, wealthy and went off with the crusades and came back very ill and had a time with God. Motivated him to have a vow of poverty and was a great preacher
d) Reformatory Age(1361-1572)
(1) Pre-reformers(1361-1500)
(a) John Wycliffe to British Isles; translated Bible into the language of the people
(b) John Huss was the Bohemian Reformer (Czech Republic), but was killed and there is a national holiday on the day he was martyred
(c) Savanarolo, Erasmus
(2) Reformers (1500-1572)
(a) Revival of preaching and breaking the shackels that have held back the
(b) A return to the word of God as central, Justification through faith by Grace
(c) Luther, Zwingli, Calvin, Latamer, John Nox were biblical preachers
e) 1572-1700(17th Century)
(1) Key was the translation and printing of the King James version. Printed in England in 1611
(2) Preaching declined following reformation, except for in France and England (Known as classic age of preaching)
(3) God used puritan preachers
(a) Richard Baxter, John Bunyan(Pilgrims Progress), Jeremy Taylor, John Donne, John Owen, Mathew Henry, John Newton(amazing grace)
(b) Preached believing in conversion and that preaching was a means to salvation; sermon was the climax of worship
(c) Living the purity
f) 18th Century (17 to 1800)
(1) Great Awakening (England)
(a) John and Charles Wesley, George Whitefield (he and Wesley were preaching outside b/c the churches would not allow George Whitefield in and started attracting large crowds)
(i) Wesley was Armenian and George Whitefield was Calvanist
(2) In America
(a) Some low morals in the church, poor doctrie and bad preaching, but God begins to move
(i) Jonathon Edwards (sinners in the hands of an Angry God)
(ii) Whitefield came to America (friend with Ben Franklin)
(iii) Theodore Frelinhousing, Gilbert Tennett
(b) Pastor position became respected
(c) Preaching became evangelistic
g) 20th Century
(1) Issues
(a) Modernists vs Fundamentalism Controversy
(i) Social Gospel Movement(Rasenbush) -Through ministry show Christ love by meeting the needs of people_People drifted from share the gospel while meeting the needs to share the gospel by meeting the needs
(ii) Scopes Monkey Trial Culture and Christianity at odds
(iii) Affected preaching through a shift from Christ Centered(Christocentric) to Man Centered(Anthroprocentric)
(b) Also
(i) Changing role of the pastor (becomes administrator, counselor)_struggle with time in study and prayer.
(ii) Rise of Pentecostal Movement
(iii) rise of revival preaching (particularly in 50s); more evangelistic, but less discipleship and shied a way from the holy spirit
(iv) New Homiletic - cause narrative inductive teaching - through German liberalism (begins with people and is a more of inductive approach)
(v) Media has affected our preaching (people have short attention span - can have a worldwide audience)
(vi) Seeker services ( Nix believes more in seeker sensitive instead of driven)
(vii) Urbanization - Lead the way to larger congregation and mega church
(viii) Worship became a huge issue
(ix) Communism, wars etc
(c) Basic Principles Learned from history
(i) Christianity flourishes when preaching flourishes
(ii) Preaching flourished when there was a strong authority based on the word of God
(iii) When morality is high, generally ritual is low. When ritual ish high, morality is low. (Roman Church)
(d) Books
(i) Haddon Robinson - Biblical Preaching
(ii) Blackwood - The preparation of sermons
(iii) Sangster - the Craft of sermon construction
(iv) Eugene Lowery - the homiletic plots
(e) By the middle of the century 50s, preaching took a dive
(i) Affected preaching through a shift from Christ Centered(Christocentric) to Man Centered(Anthroprocentric)
II. Glossary
A. Brooks Definition of Preaching = The communication of truth by man to men (Yale Lectures)
B. Rhetoric - Original The ability write or speak well. (Aristotle) Ability to see and utilize all available means of persuasion
C. Agrerian culture - ?those who live from the land?
D. Homily = Running Commentary
III. Assignment
A. Read power in the pulpit 1-87
B. Complete 9-9 and 9-16 responses
C. Read Times article
IV. Key Thoughts
A. Preaching has a higher purpose to get someone to respond to the father, not just us.
B. It is important that our people understand what "belief" means in the original. It was more of investment, faith, commitment in faith. It was an active word in the Greek culture. This is more than head knowledge.
C. Be careful if you are developing a sermon outline be careful not to impose a structure that is not in the passage AND ALWAYS remember that the Spirit is doing the work independent of your preparation.
D. The thesis proposition brings unity to a sermon. The points of the outline give movement to the sermon.
E. Where do we pull from that there is no new revelation?
F. Either I believe the Bible or I don't.
G. Must be careful not to become a Pharisee in the midst of teaching.
H. Preaching vs Teaching Adrian Rogers from Preaching with power. We are to be helping people to action. Mathew 7:24 "hears the words" that we preach and "does"
I. Infiltrate, impact, live in, but never accomodate your culture in preaching. never sacrifice purpose and substance for acceptance
J. Do I need to know where people are as a starting point of what I preach or do I need to start with what the scripture says? Nix warns of starting with the needs and being drawn away from the word.
K. What is more important, the people or the study? How will I balance. God, show me the way.
V. Rhetorical Sermon Brief Outline
A. Examples
1. John 3:16
a) Example Nicks Introduction (Talk about the bad news and lead people to the point of wanting some good news and then giving the idea of best news) / Text = John 3:16 / Subject = The Gospel / ETS = Jesus shared with Nichodemus the good news of God and how to be right with him / ESS - God's gift of knowing Him and eternal life through trust in Christ / OSS Audience will accept and respond to the truth of Christ -what God want's done / Formal Elements - Intro (1 ) Body (I. The Love of God II. The Sacrifice of God III. The respons of Man/People / IV. The Promise of God / Title - The Best News
(1) It is important that our people understand what "belief" means in the original. It was more of investment, faith, commitment in faith. It was an active word in the Greek culture. This is more than head knowledge.
b) Important for your outline to be tied to the text and communicate the truth.
c) Parrallelism of Structure
2. John 3:1-16
a) Foundational Elements
(1) Title (Publicity) = Fresh Start Miracle
(2) Subject = New Birth
(3) ETS(Then) = Jesus told Nicodemus that he must experience new birth to enter the kingdom
(4) ESS(Now) Third person = A Person must experience a new birth to become right with God
(5) OSS =
b) Formal Elements
(1) Introduction
(a) Birth itself is a miracle
(2) Body
(a) The Mandate of the New Birth
(b) The Means of the New Birth
(i) Physical (Water) vs 6 interprets 5
(ii) Spirit = New Birth
(c) Mystery of the NB (vs 12-16)
(i) Forshadow of the cross in Moses lifting up the snake. Nicodemus would have understood that lifted up was a Roman crucifiction?
(ii) Spirit change by belief in JC
(iii) Heard Dr Nicks say that Nicodemus's problem was that he thought Jesus was a teacher sent from God when really he was God sent to teach.
(3) Conclusion
3. Romans 12:1-2
a) Foundational Elements
(1) Title (Think Publicity and Meaning) =Total Surrender_100% Jesus_Sold Out
(2) Subject = Transformation_Living Sacrifice
(3) ETS(Then) = Paul urged Roman believers to give their lives given to God.
(4) ESS(Now) Third person = A person should be totally committed to God
(5) OSS = Hearers will examine where they are and allow transformation through a total commitment to God. Decipleship with
b) Formal Elements
(1) Introduction
(a) Beseech is a very strong word in the Greek
(b) I can tell you God's will for your life
(2) Body
(a) God Expects the sacrifice of the body to himself - the word body is interpreted literally as the physical
(b) God rejects conformity to the world - Do not conform -Camelian Lizard is a good language -
(c) God required the transformation of the mind
(3) Conclusion
(a) This is to know the Will (good, acceptable, perfect) of God for your life
(b) Living this way proves his will
4. Passage
a) Foundational Elements
(1) Title (Think Publicity and Meaning) =
(2) Subject = Short as possible
(3) ETS(Then) = Essence of the Text stated in the past tense
(4) ESS(Now) Third person = Essence of the Sermon called the proposition, third person in the past tense
(5) OSS = Objective of the Sermon What will hearers will do as a result of this sermon) Hearers will...
b) Formal Elements
(1) Introduction
(2) Body
(3) Conclusion
A. Why Preach
1. Need for God's revelation(to know him)
2. The word brings transformation (can change your life Rom 12;2)
B. Biblical Perspective
1. Keryssein - to proclaim or to herald, literally to publish.
2. Evangelizethai - Preach the good news, glad tidings, or God's message
3. Didaskein - to teach. Depart divine truth (this is the meat)
4. Dialegesthai - Dialogue. To discourse or reason with others with a view to pursuasion
5. Lalein
C. Rhetorical Perspective
1. Five Canons of rhetoric (or standards of rehetoric)
a) Invention -invent the topic and put together what you say
b) Arrangement - Developing the outline, put it together
c) Memory - commit things to memory
d) Delivery - verbal, non verbal, presentation of communication
2. In Communication(modern theory)
a) Sender Must encode information
b) Channel is the way of communication (speech or words)
c) Receiver decodes the lanquage and sends feedback
d) Noise - Is going on constantly, sound, activity
e) Your field of experience that dictates how you relate to your surroundings
f) Context - the setting in which the communication happens
3. Rhetoric - Original The ability write or speak well. Ability to see and utilize all available means of persuasion
4. Styles
D. Theological Perspective
1. Why would you need one - What we do, how we do preaching will be determined by what we believe about preaching.
2. My theology
a) The Call
(1) Should someone be specifically called to preach
b) The Nature of Biblical Calling
(1) What do I believe the communication aspect should be.
c) The Source
(1) The Bible
(2) The Holy Spirit
(3) God
d) Qualifications
(1) Prophets, Pastoral Epistles
e) Role of Holy Spirit
(1) Illumens
(2) Convicts
(3) Subtopic
3. John Piper's Approach (Trinitarian)
a) Goal = The Glory of God
b) Ground =The Cross
c) Gift = Holy Spirit
4. Peter Adams Speaking Gods words
a) God Has Spoken
b) It is Written
c) Preach the Word
E. Historical
1. 3 Streams of Origins of Christian Preaching
a) Hebrew Prophecy
(1) Priest represent people to God
(2) Prophets represented God to the people
(3) Prophets were fore and forthtellers - Spoke the truth of God's word
b) Ancient Oratory
(1) Korax 466bc Proem(into), then presentation of facts(points), the argument(explanation), secondary remarks, and peroration(conclusion) Helped, with Aristotle, organoze ancient oratory
c) Christian Gospel
(1) Beginning with John the Baptist transition from old testimate prophet to the new testament proclaimer
(2) Jesus Came. Without this we would have nothing to preach
2. History of Christian Preaching
a) Apostolic Period(AD30-70)
(1) Spirit led and Christ focused
(2) Preaching like the prophets with power and authority.
(3) Paul used more ancient rhetoric in his ministry
b) Ancient Period or Patristic Period (70-430AD) 70 were the destruction of the Temple and the falll of Jerusalem. Also the expansion of the Roman Empire and persecution of Christians. Also Peter and Palu died
(1) From 70-170 traces of Christian preaching are rare
(a) By the end of the second century, the power of preaching is seen. Very informal
(b) Persecution and many preached orally from the TO
(c) Three Classes of Preachers
(i) Apostolic Fathers - Polycarp, Clement of Rome
(ii) Apologist - Defenders of the faith
(iii) Ante Nicen Theologians - In the East was Origen, Clement of Alexandria, Gregory
(2) 300-430
(a) Rise in the power of preaching
(b) Edict of Milan that made Christianity "legal"
(c) There was a love of rhetoric
(d) There was a closed cannon
(e) More Orderly worship
(f) Biblical preaching
(g) Basil the Great, Gregory of Nyssa, Chrysoston(Golden Mouth), Augustine
(h) Dangers of conforming to society
(i) Infatuation with oratory (performance)
(ii) Entanglement with politics
(iii) People become dogmatic, narrow, and cruel in regards to theological discussions.
c) Medieval Preaching(430-1360)
(1) The Dark Ages(430-1095)
(a) Preaching suffered because people were not progressing
(b) Liturgy(prescribed method) was developed and stopped power of preaching
(c) Latin became language of pulpit
(d) The preacher became the priest
(e) Priest became morally corrup
(f) Doctrinal controversies took place
(g) Overall corruption in church
(h) Influx of Barbarians into church
(i) Superstition, fanaticism, worship of angel worship of saints, relics, Mariolity(bringing Mary to the level diety) Accommodating Culture
(j) Preaching was allegory overwhelming
(k) "The lowest, darkest and most corrupt time in the history of preaching"
(l) Leo the Great, Gregory the Great(bishop of Rome), St. Patrick (planted churches in Ireland) were great preachers
(m) 4 Ms of the Dark Ages (downfalls of the church)
(i) Mass becomes central to worship (not the word or God)
(ii) Mariolatry
(iii) Monasticisms - people pulled out of society
(iv) Muslim faith begins to rise
(2) Scholastic Age (1095-1361)
(a) 4 forces awaken the Europe, the church and stimulation of preaching
(i) Scholasticism - A Thirst for learning
(ii) Crusades - wanted to take back the Holy Land. Started for a good reason, but ended wrong
(a) Bernard of Clairvaux was a great preacher during crusades worked to rally the troops for a cause
(iii) Mysticism - return back to a personal walk with God. Sought God
(iv) Missionary Preaching
(a) Dominicans f
(b) Thomas Aquanis and John Toller
(c) Franciscans - St. Francis of Assisi, wealthy and went off with the crusades and came back very ill and had a time with God. Motivated him to have a vow of poverty and was a great preacher
d) Reformatory Age(1361-1572)
(1) Pre-reformers(1361-1500)
(a) John Wycliffe to British Isles; translated Bible into the language of the people
(b) John Huss was the Bohemian Reformer (Czech Republic), but was killed and there is a national holiday on the day he was martyred
(c) Savanarolo, Erasmus
(2) Reformers (1500-1572)
(a) Revival of preaching and breaking the shackels that have held back the
(b) A return to the word of God as central, Justification through faith by Grace
(c) Luther, Zwingli, Calvin, Latamer, John Nox were biblical preachers
e) 1572-1700(17th Century)
(1) Key was the translation and printing of the King James version. Printed in England in 1611
(2) Preaching declined following reformation, except for in France and England (Known as classic age of preaching)
(3) God used puritan preachers
(a) Richard Baxter, John Bunyan(Pilgrims Progress), Jeremy Taylor, John Donne, John Owen, Mathew Henry, John Newton(amazing grace)
(b) Preached believing in conversion and that preaching was a means to salvation; sermon was the climax of worship
(c) Living the purity
f) 18th Century (17 to 1800)
(1) Great Awakening (England)
(a) John and Charles Wesley, George Whitefield (he and Wesley were preaching outside b/c the churches would not allow George Whitefield in and started attracting large crowds)
(i) Wesley was Armenian and George Whitefield was Calvanist
(2) In America
(a) Some low morals in the church, poor doctrie and bad preaching, but God begins to move
(i) Jonathon Edwards (sinners in the hands of an Angry God)
(ii) Whitefield came to America (friend with Ben Franklin)
(iii) Theodore Frelinhousing, Gilbert Tennett
(b) Pastor position became respected
(c) Preaching became evangelistic
g) 20th Century
(1) Issues
(a) Modernists vs Fundamentalism Controversy
(i) Social Gospel Movement(Rasenbush) -Through ministry show Christ love by meeting the needs of people_People drifted from share the gospel while meeting the needs to share the gospel by meeting the needs
(ii) Scopes Monkey Trial Culture and Christianity at odds
(iii) Affected preaching through a shift from Christ Centered(Christocentric) to Man Centered(Anthroprocentric)
(b) Also
(i) Changing role of the pastor (becomes administrator, counselor)_struggle with time in study and prayer.
(ii) Rise of Pentecostal Movement
(iii) rise of revival preaching (particularly in 50s); more evangelistic, but less discipleship and shied a way from the holy spirit
(iv) New Homiletic - cause narrative inductive teaching - through German liberalism (begins with people and is a more of inductive approach)
(v) Media has affected our preaching (people have short attention span - can have a worldwide audience)
(vi) Seeker services ( Nix believes more in seeker sensitive instead of driven)
(vii) Urbanization - Lead the way to larger congregation and mega church
(viii) Worship became a huge issue
(ix) Communism, wars etc
(c) Basic Principles Learned from history
(i) Christianity flourishes when preaching flourishes
(ii) Preaching flourished when there was a strong authority based on the word of God
(iii) When morality is high, generally ritual is low. When ritual ish high, morality is low. (Roman Church)
(d) Books
(i) Haddon Robinson - Biblical Preaching
(ii) Blackwood - The preparation of sermons
(iii) Sangster - the Craft of sermon construction
(iv) Eugene Lowery - the homiletic plots
(e) By the middle of the century 50s, preaching took a dive
(i) Affected preaching through a shift from Christ Centered(Christocentric) to Man Centered(Anthroprocentric)
II. Glossary
A. Brooks Definition of Preaching = The communication of truth by man to men (Yale Lectures)
B. Rhetoric - Original The ability write or speak well. (Aristotle) Ability to see and utilize all available means of persuasion
C. Agrerian culture - ?those who live from the land?
D. Homily = Running Commentary
III. Assignment
A. Read power in the pulpit 1-87
B. Complete 9-9 and 9-16 responses
C. Read Times article
IV. Key Thoughts
A. Preaching has a higher purpose to get someone to respond to the father, not just us.
B. It is important that our people understand what "belief" means in the original. It was more of investment, faith, commitment in faith. It was an active word in the Greek culture. This is more than head knowledge.
C. Be careful if you are developing a sermon outline be careful not to impose a structure that is not in the passage AND ALWAYS remember that the Spirit is doing the work independent of your preparation.
D. The thesis proposition brings unity to a sermon. The points of the outline give movement to the sermon.
E. Where do we pull from that there is no new revelation?
F. Either I believe the Bible or I don't.
G. Must be careful not to become a Pharisee in the midst of teaching.
H. Preaching vs Teaching Adrian Rogers from Preaching with power. We are to be helping people to action. Mathew 7:24 "hears the words" that we preach and "does"
I. Infiltrate, impact, live in, but never accomodate your culture in preaching. never sacrifice purpose and substance for acceptance
J. Do I need to know where people are as a starting point of what I preach or do I need to start with what the scripture says? Nix warns of starting with the needs and being drawn away from the word.
K. What is more important, the people or the study? How will I balance. God, show me the way.
V. Rhetorical Sermon Brief Outline
A. Examples
1. John 3:16
a) Example Nicks Introduction (Talk about the bad news and lead people to the point of wanting some good news and then giving the idea of best news) / Text = John 3:16 / Subject = The Gospel / ETS = Jesus shared with Nichodemus the good news of God and how to be right with him / ESS - God's gift of knowing Him and eternal life through trust in Christ / OSS Audience will accept and respond to the truth of Christ -what God want's done / Formal Elements - Intro (1 ) Body (I. The Love of God II. The Sacrifice of God III. The respons of Man/People / IV. The Promise of God / Title - The Best News
(1) It is important that our people understand what "belief" means in the original. It was more of investment, faith, commitment in faith. It was an active word in the Greek culture. This is more than head knowledge.
b) Important for your outline to be tied to the text and communicate the truth.
c) Parrallelism of Structure
2. John 3:1-16
a) Foundational Elements
(1) Title (Publicity) = Fresh Start Miracle
(2) Subject = New Birth
(3) ETS(Then) = Jesus told Nicodemus that he must experience new birth to enter the kingdom
(4) ESS(Now) Third person = A Person must experience a new birth to become right with God
(5) OSS =
b) Formal Elements
(1) Introduction
(a) Birth itself is a miracle
(2) Body
(a) The Mandate of the New Birth
(b) The Means of the New Birth
(i) Physical (Water) vs 6 interprets 5
(ii) Spirit = New Birth
(c) Mystery of the NB (vs 12-16)
(i) Forshadow of the cross in Moses lifting up the snake. Nicodemus would have understood that lifted up was a Roman crucifiction?
(ii) Spirit change by belief in JC
(iii) Heard Dr Nicks say that Nicodemus's problem was that he thought Jesus was a teacher sent from God when really he was God sent to teach.
(3) Conclusion
3. Romans 12:1-2
a) Foundational Elements
(1) Title (Think Publicity and Meaning) =Total Surrender_100% Jesus_Sold Out
(2) Subject = Transformation_Living Sacrifice
(3) ETS(Then) = Paul urged Roman believers to give their lives given to God.
(4) ESS(Now) Third person = A person should be totally committed to God
(5) OSS = Hearers will examine where they are and allow transformation through a total commitment to God. Decipleship with
b) Formal Elements
(1) Introduction
(a) Beseech is a very strong word in the Greek
(b) I can tell you God's will for your life
(2) Body
(a) God Expects the sacrifice of the body to himself - the word body is interpreted literally as the physical
(b) God rejects conformity to the world - Do not conform -Camelian Lizard is a good language -
(c) God required the transformation of the mind
(3) Conclusion
(a) This is to know the Will (good, acceptable, perfect) of God for your life
(b) Living this way proves his will
4. Passage
a) Foundational Elements
(1) Title (Think Publicity and Meaning) =
(2) Subject = Short as possible
(3) ETS(Then) = Essence of the Text stated in the past tense
(4) ESS(Now) Third person = Essence of the Sermon called the proposition, third person in the past tense
(5) OSS = Objective of the Sermon What will hearers will do as a result of this sermon) Hearers will...
b) Formal Elements
(1) Introduction
(2) Body
(3) Conclusion
Thursday, September 11, 2008
OTEN5300 9/11/2008
Old Testament Introduction
I. Genesis
A. Authorship
1. General agreement that Moses wrote a large part
2. dominant theory that there are four sources that apply to the Pentateuch
a) J(Man and Earth), E(use of term Elohim), D(Deuteronomi), P(
3. the real issue is more how we receive the material
B. Linking Phrase = "Beginnings of a People"
C. Purpose
1. Theological History
2. "to show how God worked with people in history, particularly with the Hebrew people"
D. Topics and Texts
1. Creation
a) "Parallels" - ancient texts with distinct similarities and differences
(1) How are these materials related? Is the bible based on other texts are they based on the bible-majority belief if that others are older but not necessarily the basis
(2) One way to think about it is that the Biblical text provides the correct perspective and corrects misguidings
(3) Biblical differences - God is one, People are important, polemic - "written with a point "to counter other mistaken views
(a) example - creation account of moon and stars are believed to intentionally avoid the naming and make it sound like no big deal. this helps to avoid giving credence to "the gods" of that time
(4) Similarities
b) Starting Point in History
(1) Originates with God's creation and we should view the biblical text from this perspective
c) Main Point - The focus is on the person of God and not necessarily the history. Our more typical texts are more chronological and major turning points. The work is historical, but that is not necessarily the point.
d) There is theme of goodness
(1) Repetition of the word good
(2) Even the structure of the writing emotes orderly
e) Theme of blessing and fruitfulness
(1) Chap 1vs22,27,28,29
f) The place of people is special
(1) Chap 1 vs 26 Pronouncement and change in language(king of majesty) signals that people are special and highlighted above creation
(2) Vs 27 Three fold repetition adds focus
(3) Image and likeness which are synonymous terms
(a) People are spiritual beings with a capacity for personal(unique among human beings) fellowship with God
(b) Self conscious
(i) Encountering questions like "who am I?" "what should I do?"
(c) Suggests that we are moral beings with responsibility "let them rule over"
(d) One analogy is one of a ruler that has statue made that could "represent" him wherever it is brought
g) Chapter 2
(1) Why are ch 1 diff than 2 - Some feel like this points to different sources. Brown feels like the difference is for effect from a literary perspective.
(a) Chap 1, Creation of people is the culmination
(b) Chap 2, First and foremost is creation of man and then everything else is created for man
(c) If we focus on the literarature instead of the literal reading as history will lead you in a different direction
(2) 2:27 Some read that the breath and life is the image of God. However, Brown believes that b/c he was created in the image and likeness he was give life in a special way.
(3) There is a sense of great drama unfolding with the creation of all the unsuitable and then there is a great exclamation in vs 23 - at last
(4) There is some part in 2 that is a set-up or foreshadowing with the "it is not good" for man to be alone. There is a bit of a set-up in the last verse with the "happily ever after" ending
h) Chapter 3
(1) Note that the serpent is never called satin
(2) God does not curse the woman or the man, but the ground and the serpent. Important b/c curse is the opposite of blessing
(3) There is judgement, but there is never a removal of hope.
(4) Chap 4
(a) Development of civilization
(b) People gaining status
(c) The progress of man can be positive and negative (Cain and Abel). God sees the negative and culminates in Chapter six
(5) Positives often overlooked
(a) 3:8 there is companionship and fellowship in the closeness of God
(b) 3:9 The seeking nature of God in the beginning
(c) God will judge, but tempered by mercy
2. Stories of Decline - Growth of Sin
a) Chap 5 Like a walk in graveyard
b) Chap 6
(1) vs 5 what a deep passage focusing on the depth of depravity and statement of our wickedness
(2) Though ultimately we see the judgement that comes, the real noteworthy is the character spotlight shown in the grief and sorrow of God
(3) Though God exacts judgement, a focus on Noah is a bright spot
(4) Nephaline - Typically viewed as people of great status and power and maybe authority. Very impressive and famous. Some say Giants. There are other biblical references to to this "type" of people. However, obviously God was not impressed with what he saw.
(5) Sons of God and daughters of man options - Angels and not, Godly People and daughters of those who are ungodly(conservative evangelical), Royalty taking people to their herom wthout any regard for what God wants(Dr Brown)
3. Judgement: The flood
a) Chapter 6
4. Hope
a) Chapter 9
(1) Noah is like a new Adam and God's purposes are still in place
b) Chapter 8
(1) There is a point where God acknowledges the sinfulness of Man and almost conceeds to deal with it. Brown proposes that God shows some willingness to conform his interaction with Man to keep the interaction and the transformation
c) Chapter 10
(1) Reflects that God's purposes, be fruitful and multiply have happened
d) Chapter 11
(1) Tower of Babel = Reflects that the flood did not eleviate the sin in the world
(2) Some debate the chronology of 10 and 11 chapters
(3) vs 10 and 27 another Toledot with the intent of shining a spotlight on Abram
(4) Crucial turning point to Abram
e) Chapter 12
(1) Theme of blessing and partner focus on fertility
(2) Purpose of blessing Abram is an ultimate outward purpose of blessing the world
(3) Certainly a focus on faith - In a culture where family connection is everything and going to another place is very difficult, Abram's faith is highlighted
f) Chap 17
(1) Affirmation of the promises made to Abram
(2) Running soga of an heir
(3) Circumcision as a sign of the covenant
g) Chap 18
(1) Focus on Laughter - Abram and Sarah laugh at the idea of a child so late in life. Isaac means laughter
h) Chap 22
(1) Continued focus on the promises of God that is confirmed with covenant and then fulfillment
(2) We are set up by the previous chapters of positive flow with heir being born
i) Jacob Story
(1) Though he is the deciever, it is positive in a sense that God is shown as a pursuer of Man
j) Chap 37-50
(1) Joseph Story
(a) Great Literary Piece
(b) Image of going down (prison and pit)
(c) Clothing (coat, potiphar pulling clothing, clothing change when status change)
(d) Use of the verb recognize (Jacob recognizes sons clothing, Jacob recognizing his brothers)
(e) Character Development of Judah that culminates with impressive speech
(f) "You intended for evil what God has used for good"
(2) Explains how they end up in Egypt
(3) Theme of sovereignty of God and his plans. Shows how in spite of ourselves and wrong, God's plan is unstoppable even utilizing bad for Good.
5. There is a theme of positive and negative. To the extent of possibly balance.
6. The honesty of the Bible is cool and believable because of the recording of the imperfection of Man and the building up by God
E. Context
1. Dr. Brown's opinion is more that we should focus that it is more theological and focused on the creator and what he has created. He does not feel that it is "perfect history" or scientific. It is not necessarily inteded to tell the how it happened.
2. Not necessarily intended to be perfectly chronological
F. Fertility and reproduction are signal of blessing and the working out of his plan
II. Exodus
A. Linking Phrase = Formation of a People through covenant
B. Purpose = Ton continue the history of God's dealing with people to accomplish redemption, particularly with the peole who will be the Isrealites nation (from the death of Joseph
C. Theme = The making of covenant / God's revelation
D. Topics and Texts
1. Exodus account is more of a social injustice that God delivers the people from. It does not necessarily have a great Theological bent. We may read this into the account. Highlighted to follow Brown's conviction that we should not interject new testament ideals, but more aptly read it for what it is.
2. The Hebrews in Egypt
a) Chap 1
(1) Smallness and Death But The Hebrews: Fruitful, filling the land 1-6
(2) BUT they were fruitfull and multiplied and filled the area - throwback_continuity with Genesis
(3) The Egyptians: Fearful, Filled with Anxiety vs 8
(4) God: Aware and Concerned
3. Moses - leadership, character is central to the Pentateuch
4. Revelation to Moses I AM
a) Yahweh is based on a guess b/c out of reverence jewish tradition not to speak
b) Brown believes that he is saying to Moses that you will know who I am by what I do
5. Plagues Narrative
a) Not just deliverance message, but one of God revealing who He is
b) Polemic in striking at Egyptian conception of gods and revealing who God is
c) Focus on who God is in the Lands of Egypt
6. Chap 11, 12, 13
a) Theological context to the events
b) Somewhat the basis for debate of development of Exodus and separate sources b/c these chapters have a later look
7. Passover
a) Viewed by Isreal as central to who they were
b) Deliverance, salvation, redemption are rooted in the exodus experience
c) Christ is seen as the fulfillment of the Passover
8. Tabernacle
a) Such a focus b/c there is a theme of and importance of the ever present God chap 33
b) Understanding that there is a separation of the people from holiness of God with a gradation of space and precious nature of material
III. Leviticus
A. Linking Phrase = Guidelines for a Holy People
B. Purpose = 1) A manual of worship 2) Insure continuing presence of the Lord among the people
C. Theme = Holiness, Holy God Living with and Unholy people
D. Topics and Texts
1. Sacrifices
a) Nature = About communion fellowship and worship
b) There is no provision in the sacrificial sin for intentional sin. There is a sense that the attitude of the heart changes and intentional sin to one that is sacrificable when they understood the wrong done.
c) Dealing with a wrong overlay of the NT on the OT sacrifice
(1) We often look at passages in the NT about sacrifice and view it that the sacrifice didn't work for removal of sin. Brown believes this is true but not because the system was broken. It is that the sacrifice itself was never a legalistic process of removing sin. It is about the heart and attitude of the sinner.
(a) example passages--"The blood of bulls and goats do not take away sin" and "everything else is type and shadow" These are correct in light of the ultimate sacrifice, comparitively their is no comparison.
(b) Clear that the process was effective and they were forgiven.
(i) Chap 4:35
(ii) Chap 5:10-16
(iii) Chap 6:7
(c) Equity in the system - Anyone has access(affordability) to the system. Chapter 5 is a good example. Another example that the sacrifice itself is not the deal, it is something else (the heart)
d) There were both required and voluntary
e) There is an ordering of the sacrifices that suggest a theology (example sin offereing that symbolizes giving of oneself, burning that symbolizes totality, and fellowship meal)
f) killing in sacrifice is almost always by the offerer and the Priest manipulates the blood and the alter.
g) Maybe part of the intention is the understanding of the penalty of sin is the loss of innocent life and the cost required through the blood for remission.
2. Difficulty of dealing with the law
a) Most of us get bogged down
b) Rightly understood, the book of Leviticus might be the most important theological books of the Bible
c) Laws of clean and Unclean
(1) This stuff is so foreign and strange to us.
(2) Need to understand that in many cases that the clean and unclean has anything to do with morality of a person
(3) Many of this items are cultural differences taboo and traditionally not done. It may just be a distancing the cultural taboo which would be equated with bad from the goodness of a holy God.
(4) One way to deal with this is in terms of Wholeness vs Completeness and Life vs Death. This can explain food (scavengers), Disease associated with death,
(5) Father let me work through and please shed light on my thinking that these laws were to separate people that had sinned which was the cause of there unclean status (disease, disfiguration) or the other prescribed acts
3. Day of Atonement
a) When the high Priest went into the holy of holies to cleanse the tabernacle of the bad that was "attracted" to the tabernacle over the year. The idea of cleansing to allow the Holy to continue to live among the people
b) Interesting that the high priest who is in ornate dress before the people appears before God in simple linen garments and humility
c) Chapter 16
d) Subtopic
4. Subtopic
E. Dr. Brown Believes this may be the most important theological book of the bible.
1. Partially because the Holy God is accomdating himself to unholy people
2. Making the holy available to the unholy
3. The significance becomes clear when we realize that the accomodation is an extension of the creation event and accomodation.
4. To understand the theological significance is important to the proper view of the New Testament
F. Subtopic
IV. Glossary / Definitions
A. Pentateuch
1. First Five Books of the bible.
B. Documentary Hypothesis
C. Historiography
1. Describes the process of writing history
D. Polemic
V. Key Thoughts
A. Are we setting people up by not being educational with oposing views to the bible so that people are not shocked when they go to the "real world"?
B. Never forget that the Bible's main focus is to share the nature, character and power of God. It is a theological text inspired by God and recorded by man.
C. Read text from the inside out and evaluate what it is before evaluating if the what is right or wrong by our inapplicable modern standard
D. Everything we read in the TO has its roots in creation and the intention of God. It is important to view the scripture through this lens.
E. The key story is that God works to continue or restore his original intent
F. Allways view the scripture through the positive themes of ultimate good purposes of God. We have pause when we start to see the focus on the chosen nation and start to wonder "what about the other people" We must remain grounded in the creation intention of good creation of all people. We see the wrapped back around in the new testament and Jesus reinforcement that God is available to all. I think I have been hung up in the past thinking that God did not make himself available to others besides the chosen nation. However something to think about is that if there is one souce in Adam and then Noah, then all have had an opportunity and chosen rebellion.
G. Sometime a good way to study is to pick up on a refrain and read looking for its repetition
H. It helps to separate covenant and law. The covenant came before the law. The covenant was the relationship and the law was given to maintain. There was nothing that was done by the people to deserve the covenant relationship.
I. ?Brown, Take care not to improperly impose the NT and Jesus into OT text. One way to properly view the OT is to focus on God and his character and actions toward the people instead of trying to hard to find Jesus in every passage?
VI. ?History?
A. History
1. Persons
2. Places
3. Events
4. Chronological
5. Understand that there is selectivity, emphasis and order that is imputed by the author
B. Historiography
1. Describes the process of writing history
C. Historical
VII. Covenant
A. God's intitiative and Grace
B. Seeking God
C. It helps to separate covenant and law. The covenant came before the law. The covenant was the relationship and the law was given to maintain. There was nothing that was done by the people to deserve the covenant relationship.
D. OT there is much more of a communal focus than what we understand in our western world to thinking where we focus on the individual.
VIII. New Book
A. Linking Phrase =
B. Purpose =
C. Theme =
D. Topics and Texts
I. Genesis
A. Authorship
1. General agreement that Moses wrote a large part
2. dominant theory that there are four sources that apply to the Pentateuch
a) J(Man and Earth), E(use of term Elohim), D(Deuteronomi), P(
3. the real issue is more how we receive the material
B. Linking Phrase = "Beginnings of a People"
C. Purpose
1. Theological History
2. "to show how God worked with people in history, particularly with the Hebrew people"
D. Topics and Texts
1. Creation
a) "Parallels" - ancient texts with distinct similarities and differences
(1) How are these materials related? Is the bible based on other texts are they based on the bible-majority belief if that others are older but not necessarily the basis
(2) One way to think about it is that the Biblical text provides the correct perspective and corrects misguidings
(3) Biblical differences - God is one, People are important, polemic - "written with a point "to counter other mistaken views
(a) example - creation account of moon and stars are believed to intentionally avoid the naming and make it sound like no big deal. this helps to avoid giving credence to "the gods" of that time
(4) Similarities
b) Starting Point in History
(1) Originates with God's creation and we should view the biblical text from this perspective
c) Main Point - The focus is on the person of God and not necessarily the history. Our more typical texts are more chronological and major turning points. The work is historical, but that is not necessarily the point.
d) There is theme of goodness
(1) Repetition of the word good
(2) Even the structure of the writing emotes orderly
e) Theme of blessing and fruitfulness
(1) Chap 1vs22,27,28,29
f) The place of people is special
(1) Chap 1 vs 26 Pronouncement and change in language(king of majesty) signals that people are special and highlighted above creation
(2) Vs 27 Three fold repetition adds focus
(3) Image and likeness which are synonymous terms
(a) People are spiritual beings with a capacity for personal(unique among human beings) fellowship with God
(b) Self conscious
(i) Encountering questions like "who am I?" "what should I do?"
(c) Suggests that we are moral beings with responsibility "let them rule over"
(d) One analogy is one of a ruler that has statue made that could "represent" him wherever it is brought
g) Chapter 2
(1) Why are ch 1 diff than 2 - Some feel like this points to different sources. Brown feels like the difference is for effect from a literary perspective.
(a) Chap 1, Creation of people is the culmination
(b) Chap 2, First and foremost is creation of man and then everything else is created for man
(c) If we focus on the literarature instead of the literal reading as history will lead you in a different direction
(2) 2:27 Some read that the breath and life is the image of God. However, Brown believes that b/c he was created in the image and likeness he was give life in a special way.
(3) There is a sense of great drama unfolding with the creation of all the unsuitable and then there is a great exclamation in vs 23 - at last
(4) There is some part in 2 that is a set-up or foreshadowing with the "it is not good" for man to be alone. There is a bit of a set-up in the last verse with the "happily ever after" ending
h) Chapter 3
(1) Note that the serpent is never called satin
(2) God does not curse the woman or the man, but the ground and the serpent. Important b/c curse is the opposite of blessing
(3) There is judgement, but there is never a removal of hope.
(4) Chap 4
(a) Development of civilization
(b) People gaining status
(c) The progress of man can be positive and negative (Cain and Abel). God sees the negative and culminates in Chapter six
(5) Positives often overlooked
(a) 3:8 there is companionship and fellowship in the closeness of God
(b) 3:9 The seeking nature of God in the beginning
(c) God will judge, but tempered by mercy
2. Stories of Decline - Growth of Sin
a) Chap 5 Like a walk in graveyard
b) Chap 6
(1) vs 5 what a deep passage focusing on the depth of depravity and statement of our wickedness
(2) Though ultimately we see the judgement that comes, the real noteworthy is the character spotlight shown in the grief and sorrow of God
(3) Though God exacts judgement, a focus on Noah is a bright spot
(4) Nephaline - Typically viewed as people of great status and power and maybe authority. Very impressive and famous. Some say Giants. There are other biblical references to to this "type" of people. However, obviously God was not impressed with what he saw.
(5) Sons of God and daughters of man options - Angels and not, Godly People and daughters of those who are ungodly(conservative evangelical), Royalty taking people to their herom wthout any regard for what God wants(Dr Brown)
3. Judgement: The flood
a) Chapter 6
4. Hope
a) Chapter 9
(1) Noah is like a new Adam and God's purposes are still in place
b) Chapter 8
(1) There is a point where God acknowledges the sinfulness of Man and almost conceeds to deal with it. Brown proposes that God shows some willingness to conform his interaction with Man to keep the interaction and the transformation
c) Chapter 10
(1) Reflects that God's purposes, be fruitful and multiply have happened
d) Chapter 11
(1) Tower of Babel = Reflects that the flood did not eleviate the sin in the world
(2) Some debate the chronology of 10 and 11 chapters
(3) vs 10 and 27 another Toledot with the intent of shining a spotlight on Abram
(4) Crucial turning point to Abram
e) Chapter 12
(1) Theme of blessing and partner focus on fertility
(2) Purpose of blessing Abram is an ultimate outward purpose of blessing the world
(3) Certainly a focus on faith - In a culture where family connection is everything and going to another place is very difficult, Abram's faith is highlighted
f) Chap 17
(1) Affirmation of the promises made to Abram
(2) Running soga of an heir
(3) Circumcision as a sign of the covenant
g) Chap 18
(1) Focus on Laughter - Abram and Sarah laugh at the idea of a child so late in life. Isaac means laughter
h) Chap 22
(1) Continued focus on the promises of God that is confirmed with covenant and then fulfillment
(2) We are set up by the previous chapters of positive flow with heir being born
i) Jacob Story
(1) Though he is the deciever, it is positive in a sense that God is shown as a pursuer of Man
j) Chap 37-50
(1) Joseph Story
(a) Great Literary Piece
(b) Image of going down (prison and pit)
(c) Clothing (coat, potiphar pulling clothing, clothing change when status change)
(d) Use of the verb recognize (Jacob recognizes sons clothing, Jacob recognizing his brothers)
(e) Character Development of Judah that culminates with impressive speech
(f) "You intended for evil what God has used for good"
(2) Explains how they end up in Egypt
(3) Theme of sovereignty of God and his plans. Shows how in spite of ourselves and wrong, God's plan is unstoppable even utilizing bad for Good.
5. There is a theme of positive and negative. To the extent of possibly balance.
6. The honesty of the Bible is cool and believable because of the recording of the imperfection of Man and the building up by God
E. Context
1. Dr. Brown's opinion is more that we should focus that it is more theological and focused on the creator and what he has created. He does not feel that it is "perfect history" or scientific. It is not necessarily inteded to tell the how it happened.
2. Not necessarily intended to be perfectly chronological
F. Fertility and reproduction are signal of blessing and the working out of his plan
II. Exodus
A. Linking Phrase = Formation of a People through covenant
B. Purpose = Ton continue the history of God's dealing with people to accomplish redemption, particularly with the peole who will be the Isrealites nation (from the death of Joseph
C. Theme = The making of covenant / God's revelation
D. Topics and Texts
1. Exodus account is more of a social injustice that God delivers the people from. It does not necessarily have a great Theological bent. We may read this into the account. Highlighted to follow Brown's conviction that we should not interject new testament ideals, but more aptly read it for what it is.
2. The Hebrews in Egypt
a) Chap 1
(1) Smallness and Death But The Hebrews: Fruitful, filling the land 1-6
(2) BUT they were fruitfull and multiplied and filled the area - throwback_continuity with Genesis
(3) The Egyptians: Fearful, Filled with Anxiety vs 8
(4) God: Aware and Concerned
3. Moses - leadership, character is central to the Pentateuch
4. Revelation to Moses I AM
a) Yahweh is based on a guess b/c out of reverence jewish tradition not to speak
b) Brown believes that he is saying to Moses that you will know who I am by what I do
5. Plagues Narrative
a) Not just deliverance message, but one of God revealing who He is
b) Polemic in striking at Egyptian conception of gods and revealing who God is
c) Focus on who God is in the Lands of Egypt
6. Chap 11, 12, 13
a) Theological context to the events
b) Somewhat the basis for debate of development of Exodus and separate sources b/c these chapters have a later look
7. Passover
a) Viewed by Isreal as central to who they were
b) Deliverance, salvation, redemption are rooted in the exodus experience
c) Christ is seen as the fulfillment of the Passover
8. Tabernacle
a) Such a focus b/c there is a theme of and importance of the ever present God chap 33
b) Understanding that there is a separation of the people from holiness of God with a gradation of space and precious nature of material
III. Leviticus
A. Linking Phrase = Guidelines for a Holy People
B. Purpose = 1) A manual of worship 2) Insure continuing presence of the Lord among the people
C. Theme = Holiness, Holy God Living with and Unholy people
D. Topics and Texts
1. Sacrifices
a) Nature = About communion fellowship and worship
b) There is no provision in the sacrificial sin for intentional sin. There is a sense that the attitude of the heart changes and intentional sin to one that is sacrificable when they understood the wrong done.
c) Dealing with a wrong overlay of the NT on the OT sacrifice
(1) We often look at passages in the NT about sacrifice and view it that the sacrifice didn't work for removal of sin. Brown believes this is true but not because the system was broken. It is that the sacrifice itself was never a legalistic process of removing sin. It is about the heart and attitude of the sinner.
(a) example passages--"The blood of bulls and goats do not take away sin" and "everything else is type and shadow" These are correct in light of the ultimate sacrifice, comparitively their is no comparison.
(b) Clear that the process was effective and they were forgiven.
(i) Chap 4:35
(ii) Chap 5:10-16
(iii) Chap 6:7
(c) Equity in the system - Anyone has access(affordability) to the system. Chapter 5 is a good example. Another example that the sacrifice itself is not the deal, it is something else (the heart)
d) There were both required and voluntary
e) There is an ordering of the sacrifices that suggest a theology (example sin offereing that symbolizes giving of oneself, burning that symbolizes totality, and fellowship meal)
f) killing in sacrifice is almost always by the offerer and the Priest manipulates the blood and the alter.
g) Maybe part of the intention is the understanding of the penalty of sin is the loss of innocent life and the cost required through the blood for remission.
2. Difficulty of dealing with the law
a) Most of us get bogged down
b) Rightly understood, the book of Leviticus might be the most important theological books of the Bible
c) Laws of clean and Unclean
(1) This stuff is so foreign and strange to us.
(2) Need to understand that in many cases that the clean and unclean has anything to do with morality of a person
(3) Many of this items are cultural differences taboo and traditionally not done. It may just be a distancing the cultural taboo which would be equated with bad from the goodness of a holy God.
(4) One way to deal with this is in terms of Wholeness vs Completeness and Life vs Death. This can explain food (scavengers), Disease associated with death,
(5) Father let me work through and please shed light on my thinking that these laws were to separate people that had sinned which was the cause of there unclean status (disease, disfiguration) or the other prescribed acts
3. Day of Atonement
a) When the high Priest went into the holy of holies to cleanse the tabernacle of the bad that was "attracted" to the tabernacle over the year. The idea of cleansing to allow the Holy to continue to live among the people
b) Interesting that the high priest who is in ornate dress before the people appears before God in simple linen garments and humility
c) Chapter 16
d) Subtopic
4. Subtopic
E. Dr. Brown Believes this may be the most important theological book of the bible.
1. Partially because the Holy God is accomdating himself to unholy people
2. Making the holy available to the unholy
3. The significance becomes clear when we realize that the accomodation is an extension of the creation event and accomodation.
4. To understand the theological significance is important to the proper view of the New Testament
F. Subtopic
IV. Glossary / Definitions
A. Pentateuch
1. First Five Books of the bible.
B. Documentary Hypothesis
C. Historiography
1. Describes the process of writing history
D. Polemic
V. Key Thoughts
A. Are we setting people up by not being educational with oposing views to the bible so that people are not shocked when they go to the "real world"?
B. Never forget that the Bible's main focus is to share the nature, character and power of God. It is a theological text inspired by God and recorded by man.
C. Read text from the inside out and evaluate what it is before evaluating if the what is right or wrong by our inapplicable modern standard
D. Everything we read in the TO has its roots in creation and the intention of God. It is important to view the scripture through this lens.
E. The key story is that God works to continue or restore his original intent
F. Allways view the scripture through the positive themes of ultimate good purposes of God. We have pause when we start to see the focus on the chosen nation and start to wonder "what about the other people" We must remain grounded in the creation intention of good creation of all people. We see the wrapped back around in the new testament and Jesus reinforcement that God is available to all. I think I have been hung up in the past thinking that God did not make himself available to others besides the chosen nation. However something to think about is that if there is one souce in Adam and then Noah, then all have had an opportunity and chosen rebellion.
G. Sometime a good way to study is to pick up on a refrain and read looking for its repetition
H. It helps to separate covenant and law. The covenant came before the law. The covenant was the relationship and the law was given to maintain. There was nothing that was done by the people to deserve the covenant relationship.
I. ?Brown, Take care not to improperly impose the NT and Jesus into OT text. One way to properly view the OT is to focus on God and his character and actions toward the people instead of trying to hard to find Jesus in every passage?
VI. ?History?
A. History
1. Persons
2. Places
3. Events
4. Chronological
5. Understand that there is selectivity, emphasis and order that is imputed by the author
B. Historiography
1. Describes the process of writing history
C. Historical
VII. Covenant
A. God's intitiative and Grace
B. Seeking God
C. It helps to separate covenant and law. The covenant came before the law. The covenant was the relationship and the law was given to maintain. There was nothing that was done by the people to deserve the covenant relationship.
D. OT there is much more of a communal focus than what we understand in our western world to thinking where we focus on the individual.
VIII. New Book
A. Linking Phrase =
B. Purpose =
C. Theme =
D. Topics and Texts
PREA5300 9/11/08
PREA5300
I. Perspectives on Preaching
A. Why Preach
1. Need for God's revelation(to know him)
2. The word brings transformation (can change your life Rom 12;2)
B. Biblical Perspective
1. Keryssein - to proclaim or to herald, literally to publish.
2. Evangelizethai - Preach the good news, glad tidings, or God's message
3. Didaskein - to teach. Depart divine truth (this is the meat)
4. Dialegesthai - Dialogue. To discourse or reason with others with a view to pursuasion
5. Lalein
C. Rhetorical Perspective
1. Five Canons of rhetoric (or standards of rehetoric)
Invention -invent the topic and put together what you say
Arrangement - Developing the outline, put it together
Memory - commit things to memory
Delivery - verbal, non verbal, presentation of communication
2. In Communication(modern theory)
Sender Must encode information
Channel is the way of communication (speech or words)
Receiver decodes the lanquage and sends feedback
Noise - Is going on constantly, sound, activity
Your field of experience that dictates how you relate to your surroundings
Context - the setting in which the communication happens
3. Rhetoric - Original The ability write or speak well. Ability to see and utilize all available means of persuasion
4. Styles
D. Theological Perspective
1. Why would you need one - What we do, how we do preaching will be determined by what we believe about preaching.
2. My theology
The Call
Should someone be specifically called to preach
The Nature of Biblical Calling
What do I believe the communication aspect should be.
The Source
The Bible
The Holy Spirit
God
Qualifications
Prophets, Pastoral Epistles
Role of Holy Spirit
Illumens
Convicts
Subtopic
3. John Piper's Approach (Trinitarian)
Goal = The Glory of God
Ground =The Cross
Gift = Holy Spirit
4. Peter Adams Speaking Gods words
God Has Spoken
It is Written
Preach the Word
E. Historical
1. 3 Streams of Origins of Christian Preaching
Hebrew Prophecy
Priest represent people to God
Prophets represented God to the people
Prophets were fore and forthtellers - Spoke the truth of God's word
Ancient Oratory
Korax 466bc Proem(into), then presentation of facts(points), the argument(explanation), secondary remarks, and peroration(conclusion) Helped, with Aristotle, organoze ancient oratory
Christian Gospel
Beginning with John the Baptist transition from old testimate prophet to the new testament proclaimer
Jesus Came. Without this we would have nothing to preach
2. History of Christian Preaching
Apostolic Period(AD30-70)
Spirit led and Christ focused
Preaching like the prophets with power and authority.
Paul used more ancient rhetoric in his ministry
Ancient Period or Patristic Period (70-430AD) 70 were the destruction of the Temple and the falll of Jerusalem. Also the expansion of the Roman Empire and persecution of Christians. Also Peter and Palu died
From 70-170 traces of Christian preaching are rare
By the end of the second century, the power of preaching is seen. Very informal
Persecution and many preached orally from the TO
Three Classes of Preachers
Apostolic Fathers - Polycarp, Clement of Rome
Apologist - Defenders of the faith
Ante Nicen Theologians - In the East was Origen, Clement of Alexandria, Gregory
300-430
Rise in the power of preaching
Edict of Milan that made Christianity "legal"
There was a love of rhetoric
There was a closed cannon
More Orderly worship
Biblical preaching
Basil the Great, Gregory of Nyssa, Chrysoston(Golden Mouth), Augustine
Dangers of conforming to society
Infatuation with oratory (performance)
Entanglement with politics
People become dogmatic, narrow, and cruel in regards to theological discussions.
Medieval Preaching(430-1360)
The Dark Ages(430-1095)
Preaching suffered because people were not progressing
Liturgy(prescribed method) was developed and stopped power of preaching
Latin became language of pulpit
The preacher became the priest
Priest became morally corrup
Doctrinal controversies took place
Overall corruption in church
Influx of Barbarians into church
Superstition, fanaticism, worship of angel worship of saints, relics, Mariolity(bringing Mary to the level diety) Accommodating Culture
Preaching was allegory overwhelming
"The lowest, darkest and most corrupt time in the history of preaching"
Leo the Great, Gregory the Great(bishop of Rome), St. Patrick (planted churches in Ireland) were great preachers
4 Ms of the Dark Ages (downfalls of the church)
Mass becomes central to worship (not the word or God)
Mariolatry
Monasticisms - people pulled out of society
Muslim faith begins to rise
Scholastic Age (1095-1361)
4 forces awaken the Europe, the church and stimulation of preaching
Scholasticism - A Thirst for learning
Crusades - wanted to take back the Holy Land. Started for a good reason, but ended wrong
Bernard of Clairvaux was a great preacher during crusades worked to rally the troops for a cause
Mysticism - return back to a personal walk with God. Sought God
Missionary Preaching
Dominicans f
Thomas Aquanis and John Toller
Franciscans - St. Francis of Assisi, wealthy and went off with the crusades and came back very ill and had a time with God. Motivated him to have a vow of poverty and was a great preacher
Reformatory Age(1361-1572)
Pre-reformers(1361-1500)
John Wycliffe to British Isles; translated Bible into the language of the people
John Huss was the Bohemian Reformer (Czech Republic), but was killed and there is a national holiday on the day he was martyred
Savanarolo, Erasmus
Reformers (1500-1572)
Revival of preaching and breaking the shackels that have held back the
A return to the word of God as central, Justification through faith by Grace
Luther, Zwingli, Calvin, Latamer, John Nox were biblical preachers
1572-1700(17th Century)
Key was the translation and printing of the King James version. Printed in England in 1611
Preaching declined following reformation, except for in France and England (Known as classic age of preaching)
God used puritan preachers
Richard Baxter, John Bunyan(Pilgrims Progress), Jeremy Taylor, John Donne, John Owen, Mathew Henry, John Newton(amazing grace)
Preached believing in conversion and that preaching was a means to salvation; sermon was the climax of worship
Living the purity
18th Century (17 to 1800)
Great Awakening (England)
John and Charles Wesley, George Whitefield (he and Wesley were preaching outside b/c the churches would not allow George Whitefield in and started attracting large crowds)
Wesley was Armenian and George Whitefield was Calvanist
In America
Some low morals in the church, poor doctrie and bad preaching, but God begins to move
Jonathon Edwards (sinners in the hands of an Angry God)
Whitefield came to America (friend with Ben Franklin)
Theodore Frelinhousing, Gilbert Tennett
Pastor position became respected
Preaching became evangelistic
II. Glossary
A. Brooks Definition of Preaching = The communication of truth by man to men (Yale Lectures)
B. Rhetoric - Original The ability write or speak well. (Aristotle) Ability to see and utilize all available means of persuasion
C. Agrerian culture - ?those who live from the land?
D. Homily = Running Commentary
III. Assignment
A. Read power in the pulpit 1-87
B. Complete 9-9 and 9-16 responses
C. Read Times article
IV. Key Thoughts
A. Preaching has a higher purpose to get someone to respond to the father, not just us.
B. It is important that our people understand what "belief" means in the original. It was more of investment, faith, commitment in faith. It was an active word in the Greek culture. This is more than head knowledge.
C. Be careful if you are developing a sermon outline be careful not to impose a structure that is not in the passage AND ALWAYS remember that the Spirit is doing the work independent of your preparation.
D. The thesis proposition brings unity to a sermon. The points of the outline give movement to the sermon.
E. Where do we pull from that there is no new revelation?
F. Either I believe the Bible or I don't.
G. Must be careful not to become a Pharisee in the midst of teaching.
H. Preaching vs Teaching Adrian Rogers from Preaching with power. We are to be helping people to action. Mathew 7:24 "hears the words" that we preach and "does"
I. Infiltrate, impact, live in, but never accomodate your culture in preaching. never sacrifice purpose and substance for acceptance
V. Rhetorical Sermon Brief Outline
A. Examples
1. John 3:16
Example Nicks Introduction (Talk about the bad news and lead people to the point of wanting some good news and then giving the idea of best news) / Text = John 3:16 / Subject = The Gospel / ETS = Jesus shared with Nichodemus the good news of God and how to be right with him / ESS - God's gift of knowing Him and eternal life through trust in Christ / OSS Audience will accept and respond to the truth of Christ -what God want's done / Formal Elements - Intro (1 ) Body (I. The Love of God II. The Sacrifice of God III. The respons of Man/People / IV. The Promise of God / Title - The Best News
It is important that our people understand what "belief" means in the original. It was more of investment, faith, commitment in faith. It was an active word in the Greek culture. This is more than head knowledge.
Important for your outline to be tied to the text and communicate the truth.
Parrallelism of Structure
2. John 3:1-16
Foundational Elements
Title (Publicity) = Fresh Start Miracle
Subject = New Birth
ETS(Then) = Jesus told Nicodemus that he must experience new birth to enter the kingdom
ESS(Now) Third person = A Person must experience a new birth to become right with God
OSS =
Formal Elements
Introduction
Birth itself is a miracle
Body
The Mandate of the New Birth
The Means of the New Birth
Physical (Water) vs 6 interprets 5
Spirit = New Birth
Mystery of the NB (vs 12-16)
Forshadow of the cross in Moses lifting up the snake. Nicodemus would have understood that lifted up was a Roman crucifiction?
Spirit change by belief in JC
Heard Dr Nicks say that Nicodemus's problem was that he thought Jesus was a teacher sent from God when really he was God sent to teach.
Conclusion
3. Romans 12:1-2
Foundational Elements
Title (Think Publicity and Meaning) =Total Surrender_100% Jesus_Sold Out
Subject = Transformation_Living Sacrifice
ETS(Then) = Paul urged Roman believers to give their lives given to God.
ESS(Now) Third person = A person should be totally committed to God
OSS = Hearers will examine where they are and allow transformation through a total commitment to God. Decipleship with
Formal Elements
Introduction
Beseech is a very strong word in the Greek
I can tell you God's will for your life
Body
God Expects the sacrifice of the body to himself - the word body is interpreted literally as the physical
God rejects conformity to the world - Do not conform -Camelian Lizard is a good language -
God required the transformation of the mind
Conclusion
This is to know the Will (good, acceptable, perfect) of God for your life
Living this way proves his will
4. Passage
Foundational Elements
Title (Think Publicity and Meaning) =
Subject = Short as possible
ETS(Then) = Essence of the Text stated in the past tense
ESS(Now) Third person = Essence of the Sermon called the proposition, third person in the past tense
OSS = Objective of the Sermon What will hearers will do as a result of this sermon) Hearers will...
Formal Elements
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
I. Perspectives on Preaching
A. Why Preach
1. Need for God's revelation(to know him)
2. The word brings transformation (can change your life Rom 12;2)
B. Biblical Perspective
1. Keryssein - to proclaim or to herald, literally to publish.
2. Evangelizethai - Preach the good news, glad tidings, or God's message
3. Didaskein - to teach. Depart divine truth (this is the meat)
4. Dialegesthai - Dialogue. To discourse or reason with others with a view to pursuasion
5. Lalein
C. Rhetorical Perspective
1. Five Canons of rhetoric (or standards of rehetoric)
Invention -invent the topic and put together what you say
Arrangement - Developing the outline, put it together
Memory - commit things to memory
Delivery - verbal, non verbal, presentation of communication
2. In Communication(modern theory)
Sender Must encode information
Channel is the way of communication (speech or words)
Receiver decodes the lanquage and sends feedback
Noise - Is going on constantly, sound, activity
Your field of experience that dictates how you relate to your surroundings
Context - the setting in which the communication happens
3. Rhetoric - Original The ability write or speak well. Ability to see and utilize all available means of persuasion
4. Styles
D. Theological Perspective
1. Why would you need one - What we do, how we do preaching will be determined by what we believe about preaching.
2. My theology
The Call
Should someone be specifically called to preach
The Nature of Biblical Calling
What do I believe the communication aspect should be.
The Source
The Bible
The Holy Spirit
God
Qualifications
Prophets, Pastoral Epistles
Role of Holy Spirit
Illumens
Convicts
Subtopic
3. John Piper's Approach (Trinitarian)
Goal = The Glory of God
Ground =The Cross
Gift = Holy Spirit
4. Peter Adams Speaking Gods words
God Has Spoken
It is Written
Preach the Word
E. Historical
1. 3 Streams of Origins of Christian Preaching
Hebrew Prophecy
Priest represent people to God
Prophets represented God to the people
Prophets were fore and forthtellers - Spoke the truth of God's word
Ancient Oratory
Korax 466bc Proem(into), then presentation of facts(points), the argument(explanation), secondary remarks, and peroration(conclusion) Helped, with Aristotle, organoze ancient oratory
Christian Gospel
Beginning with John the Baptist transition from old testimate prophet to the new testament proclaimer
Jesus Came. Without this we would have nothing to preach
2. History of Christian Preaching
Apostolic Period(AD30-70)
Spirit led and Christ focused
Preaching like the prophets with power and authority.
Paul used more ancient rhetoric in his ministry
Ancient Period or Patristic Period (70-430AD) 70 were the destruction of the Temple and the falll of Jerusalem. Also the expansion of the Roman Empire and persecution of Christians. Also Peter and Palu died
From 70-170 traces of Christian preaching are rare
By the end of the second century, the power of preaching is seen. Very informal
Persecution and many preached orally from the TO
Three Classes of Preachers
Apostolic Fathers - Polycarp, Clement of Rome
Apologist - Defenders of the faith
Ante Nicen Theologians - In the East was Origen, Clement of Alexandria, Gregory
300-430
Rise in the power of preaching
Edict of Milan that made Christianity "legal"
There was a love of rhetoric
There was a closed cannon
More Orderly worship
Biblical preaching
Basil the Great, Gregory of Nyssa, Chrysoston(Golden Mouth), Augustine
Dangers of conforming to society
Infatuation with oratory (performance)
Entanglement with politics
People become dogmatic, narrow, and cruel in regards to theological discussions.
Medieval Preaching(430-1360)
The Dark Ages(430-1095)
Preaching suffered because people were not progressing
Liturgy(prescribed method) was developed and stopped power of preaching
Latin became language of pulpit
The preacher became the priest
Priest became morally corrup
Doctrinal controversies took place
Overall corruption in church
Influx of Barbarians into church
Superstition, fanaticism, worship of angel worship of saints, relics, Mariolity(bringing Mary to the level diety) Accommodating Culture
Preaching was allegory overwhelming
"The lowest, darkest and most corrupt time in the history of preaching"
Leo the Great, Gregory the Great(bishop of Rome), St. Patrick (planted churches in Ireland) were great preachers
4 Ms of the Dark Ages (downfalls of the church)
Mass becomes central to worship (not the word or God)
Mariolatry
Monasticisms - people pulled out of society
Muslim faith begins to rise
Scholastic Age (1095-1361)
4 forces awaken the Europe, the church and stimulation of preaching
Scholasticism - A Thirst for learning
Crusades - wanted to take back the Holy Land. Started for a good reason, but ended wrong
Bernard of Clairvaux was a great preacher during crusades worked to rally the troops for a cause
Mysticism - return back to a personal walk with God. Sought God
Missionary Preaching
Dominicans f
Thomas Aquanis and John Toller
Franciscans - St. Francis of Assisi, wealthy and went off with the crusades and came back very ill and had a time with God. Motivated him to have a vow of poverty and was a great preacher
Reformatory Age(1361-1572)
Pre-reformers(1361-1500)
John Wycliffe to British Isles; translated Bible into the language of the people
John Huss was the Bohemian Reformer (Czech Republic), but was killed and there is a national holiday on the day he was martyred
Savanarolo, Erasmus
Reformers (1500-1572)
Revival of preaching and breaking the shackels that have held back the
A return to the word of God as central, Justification through faith by Grace
Luther, Zwingli, Calvin, Latamer, John Nox were biblical preachers
1572-1700(17th Century)
Key was the translation and printing of the King James version. Printed in England in 1611
Preaching declined following reformation, except for in France and England (Known as classic age of preaching)
God used puritan preachers
Richard Baxter, John Bunyan(Pilgrims Progress), Jeremy Taylor, John Donne, John Owen, Mathew Henry, John Newton(amazing grace)
Preached believing in conversion and that preaching was a means to salvation; sermon was the climax of worship
Living the purity
18th Century (17 to 1800)
Great Awakening (England)
John and Charles Wesley, George Whitefield (he and Wesley were preaching outside b/c the churches would not allow George Whitefield in and started attracting large crowds)
Wesley was Armenian and George Whitefield was Calvanist
In America
Some low morals in the church, poor doctrie and bad preaching, but God begins to move
Jonathon Edwards (sinners in the hands of an Angry God)
Whitefield came to America (friend with Ben Franklin)
Theodore Frelinhousing, Gilbert Tennett
Pastor position became respected
Preaching became evangelistic
II. Glossary
A. Brooks Definition of Preaching = The communication of truth by man to men (Yale Lectures)
B. Rhetoric - Original The ability write or speak well. (Aristotle) Ability to see and utilize all available means of persuasion
C. Agrerian culture - ?those who live from the land?
D. Homily = Running Commentary
III. Assignment
A. Read power in the pulpit 1-87
B. Complete 9-9 and 9-16 responses
C. Read Times article
IV. Key Thoughts
A. Preaching has a higher purpose to get someone to respond to the father, not just us.
B. It is important that our people understand what "belief" means in the original. It was more of investment, faith, commitment in faith. It was an active word in the Greek culture. This is more than head knowledge.
C. Be careful if you are developing a sermon outline be careful not to impose a structure that is not in the passage AND ALWAYS remember that the Spirit is doing the work independent of your preparation.
D. The thesis proposition brings unity to a sermon. The points of the outline give movement to the sermon.
E. Where do we pull from that there is no new revelation?
F. Either I believe the Bible or I don't.
G. Must be careful not to become a Pharisee in the midst of teaching.
H. Preaching vs Teaching Adrian Rogers from Preaching with power. We are to be helping people to action. Mathew 7:24 "hears the words" that we preach and "does"
I. Infiltrate, impact, live in, but never accomodate your culture in preaching. never sacrifice purpose and substance for acceptance
V. Rhetorical Sermon Brief Outline
A. Examples
1. John 3:16
Example Nicks Introduction (Talk about the bad news and lead people to the point of wanting some good news and then giving the idea of best news) / Text = John 3:16 / Subject = The Gospel / ETS = Jesus shared with Nichodemus the good news of God and how to be right with him / ESS - God's gift of knowing Him and eternal life through trust in Christ / OSS Audience will accept and respond to the truth of Christ -what God want's done / Formal Elements - Intro (1 ) Body (I. The Love of God II. The Sacrifice of God III. The respons of Man/People / IV. The Promise of God / Title - The Best News
It is important that our people understand what "belief" means in the original. It was more of investment, faith, commitment in faith. It was an active word in the Greek culture. This is more than head knowledge.
Important for your outline to be tied to the text and communicate the truth.
Parrallelism of Structure
2. John 3:1-16
Foundational Elements
Title (Publicity) = Fresh Start Miracle
Subject = New Birth
ETS(Then) = Jesus told Nicodemus that he must experience new birth to enter the kingdom
ESS(Now) Third person = A Person must experience a new birth to become right with God
OSS =
Formal Elements
Introduction
Birth itself is a miracle
Body
The Mandate of the New Birth
The Means of the New Birth
Physical (Water) vs 6 interprets 5
Spirit = New Birth
Mystery of the NB (vs 12-16)
Forshadow of the cross in Moses lifting up the snake. Nicodemus would have understood that lifted up was a Roman crucifiction?
Spirit change by belief in JC
Heard Dr Nicks say that Nicodemus's problem was that he thought Jesus was a teacher sent from God when really he was God sent to teach.
Conclusion
3. Romans 12:1-2
Foundational Elements
Title (Think Publicity and Meaning) =Total Surrender_100% Jesus_Sold Out
Subject = Transformation_Living Sacrifice
ETS(Then) = Paul urged Roman believers to give their lives given to God.
ESS(Now) Third person = A person should be totally committed to God
OSS = Hearers will examine where they are and allow transformation through a total commitment to God. Decipleship with
Formal Elements
Introduction
Beseech is a very strong word in the Greek
I can tell you God's will for your life
Body
God Expects the sacrifice of the body to himself - the word body is interpreted literally as the physical
God rejects conformity to the world - Do not conform -Camelian Lizard is a good language -
God required the transformation of the mind
Conclusion
This is to know the Will (good, acceptable, perfect) of God for your life
Living this way proves his will
4. Passage
Foundational Elements
Title (Think Publicity and Meaning) =
Subject = Short as possible
ETS(Then) = Essence of the Text stated in the past tense
ESS(Now) Third person = Essence of the Sermon called the proposition, third person in the past tense
OSS = Objective of the Sermon What will hearers will do as a result of this sermon) Hearers will...
Formal Elements
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
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