BBBW5300 8/26/08

I. Early Christian Beginnings
A. Helena
B. Origen
C. Eusebius
D. Jerome
E. Crusades
F. See ppt for details
II. Ottoman Empire 1600 to WWI owned the middle east
III. Rediscovery of Great Civilizations of Egypt and Mesopotamia in 19th Century
A. Ancient Languages
1. Multilingual Texts Discovered
2. Jean Francois Champollion opened up hieroglyphics
3. Rosetta Stone
4. Cuneiform
Tablets that have wedges
hundreds of symbols
B. Behistun Inscription of Darious I
1. Old Persian
2. Subtopic
C. Henry Rawlinson (1835-51)
D. Subtopic
E. Subtopic
IV. Egypt = Pictographic Writings
V. From Grave Robbing to Research
A. Biblical Explorations of the Holy Land
1. Jerusalem
2. Edward Robinson, George Adam Smith, PEW
B. Sir Flinders Petrie
1. Stonehenge
2. Pyramids and Giza
3. Credited with coming to Palestine and excavating Tl el-hesi 1890
First scientific excavation of Holy Land
4. Utilized scientific disciplines in analysis
Chemist
Botanist
C. Heinrich Schlieman
1. Excavated Troy(Huyuk Hissarlick)
Had no technical process for excavating
2. German Pastor
3. Contributions
Tel - mound composed of successive layers of occupation through various periods of history
Stratigrophy -discernment and study of the interrelationship between layers of occupation of ancient site
Typology what an object should look like and how it should be used. Categorize types. relationship to form and function
4. Picked up one clue from Paul
D. Developments in Excavation Methodology
1. Early 1900s
Locus to Architecture (Samaria)
2. Mid 1900s
M Wheeler K Kenyon Method
Grid System
Jericho and Jerusalem
Locus to Baulk /Debris Layer
3. The science of digging a hole
E. Monuments confront Higher Criticism
F. “Treasure Hunting becomes science
G.
VI. Birth of Biblical Archeology
A. Albright v Alt
B. National Schools
1. American Schools of Oriental Research
2. Protestant German School
3. Protestant German School
4. Ecole Biblique (French)
5. Israeli Institutions
6. Lots of interaction between the works
C. Albright and Yadin Method of Archeology
1. Ceramic Chronology -Systematic Typology of Pottery
D. Current Debates in Biblical Archaeology
1. Israel's emergence in Canaan -Military Conquest, Canaanite Peasant Revolt, of the 80s and 90s, Nomadic warriors, Symbiosis
What do we call nation
Traditional accepted model was Jashua comes in conquers the land and was the big dog
Some early excavations (jericho excetera) cast some doubt on the traditional
Emerge a highly modified conquest model. Unfortunately models are often way too simplistic.
2. Davidic Solomonic Kingdom
What was its nature and extent
What Model of Kingship tod they evidence
What are the theological implications of kingdom and kingship
What was Isrealite historiography
Questions arose about this being the great kingdom on the order of Egypt, or just a small chiefton kingdom of a small area
Broad excavations of AI show nothing on the site from Jashua's time frame
Relatively little at Jericho later than the bronze age. however, there is some new work that maybe Jericho is larger than the original dig.
3. Historiography
Revisionsinst
Traditionalist;nature of israelite history
4. Philistines
Originally, the people group were only found in the Bible. Hittites were a similar debate
There is now a wealth of data that supports the Biblical account
E. Solomonic Gates
1. Megiddo
2. Gezer
Opening up a larger horizon of the 9 and 10th century
3. Hazor
4. Consistent archeological pattern
F. New Archeology
1. Bill Deaver Impact
Pushed for anthropology approach: impact of the natural and social sciences
Argued for a segregation of biblical and archeological studies
Saw some evangelical archeologist exaggerating their finds and was revolting against this activity.
2. Issues Today: Revisionist Trend
Copenhagen School
Jesus Seminar
Basically everything being looked at from current trends
Bible as a Myth by Thomas L Thompson - Argues that we can't have a true history before the persian period
3. Future
Evangelical Scholarship
VII. Key thoughts
A. Scholarship often generates theories that have a lifetime more than the theories are worth. Often you don't hav to be up to date or right to get an audience.
VIII. Eteology? SP = creation of a story in an effort to explain a reality
IX. Archeology and Biblical Studies (See Blackboard Handout)
A. History is relative chronology and there are some issues with co-reign of father and son
B. Where there are incongruencies in data there is additional work to be done